新冠肺炎疫情打亂了很多行業的陣腳。很多餐飲企業遭遇寒冬，門庭冷落客流稀少；新零售企業的線上訂單卻呈爆發式增長，人手出現短缺，于是出現了“共享員工”這一新的用工模式。

Several Chinese companies are temporarily hiring — or “sharing” — employees from businesses that haven’t resumed operations or are only partially operating due to concerns over the novel coronavirus epidemic. The so-called shared employees, known as gongxiang yuangong in Chinese, are being hired by supermarkets, e-commerce platforms’ retail stores, and other companies or factories to ease the workforce crunch.
我國多家企業正在臨時雇用因為新冠疫情而沒有復工或僅部分復工企業的員工。這些員工被稱為“共享員工”，他們受雇于超市、電商零售店以及其他公司或工廠以緩解用工荒。

2月初，盒馬鮮生超市發布公告，宣布接納云海肴、青年餐廳的部分員工入駐盒馬門店工作，相關合作涉及上海、北京、南京等多地，共計近500人。

According to domestic media outlet National Business Daily, more than 3,000 new employees had joined Hema as of Feb 19, while over 4,000 people had signed up for the “talent-sharing” plan under Suning’s logistics arm as of Feb 21. The American supermarket chain Walmart has also joined in the trend, hiring more than 3,000 temporary workers from other sectors to work at its branches in cities like Beijing, Fuzhou, and Shenzhen.
據《每日經濟新聞》報道，截至2月19日，已經有3000多名員工加入盒馬鮮生；截至2月21日，有4000多人加入蘇寧旗下物流公司的“人才共享”計劃。美國連鎖超市沃爾瑪也加入這一行列，從其他行業臨時雇用了3000多名員工在其北京、福州以及深圳的分店工作。

此外，京東7FRESH、永輝等多家零售企業以及哈啰出行等共享單車企業也陸續發布“員工共享”計劃，向臨時歇業的餐飲、酒店、影院等企業員工發出邀請，以期抱團取暖，共克時艱。

Bike-sharing company Hellobike has opened 8,000 positions nationwide for bicycle maintenance, according to state-owned Xinhua News Agency. In Hefei, capital of the eastern Anhui province, Hellobike is seeking 300 temporary workers, while 40 employees from a local hotel have started working at an industrial park on one-month contracts.
據新華社報道，共享單車企業哈啰出行已面向全國發出8000個自行車維護崗位。在安徽省合肥市，哈啰出行正在招募300名臨時員工，與此同時，當地一家賓館的40名員工已經在一個工業園上崗，合同期為一個月。

中南財經政法大學數字經濟研究院執行院長盤和林指出，“共享員工（employee sharing）”在暫時勞動力過剩的傳統餐飲業與暫時勞動力緊缺的新興電商零售平臺之間激發了勞動共享，傳統餐飲企業、電商零售平臺和員工三方都解了燃眉之急（address the pressing need of traditional catering enterprises, e-commerce platforms and workers）。

不過，“共享員工”模式可能存在的用工風險也引發了關注。

業內人士認為，在勞務關系下，“共享員工”模式屬于跨行業借調用工的模式，即社保仍由原單位繳納、工資由借用單位承擔并由原單位負責發放。

Yao Junchang, a lawyer with Beijing Weiheng Law Firm, told Workers’ Daily that companies hiring temporary workers should include detailed provisions in their agreements, including the duration of employment, salary and policy for work-related injury compensation.
北京煒衡律師事務所合伙人姚均昌律師在接受《工人日報》記者采訪時指出，企業應該就員工的雇用期限、工資標準、工傷賠償責任承擔等方面作出具體約定。

“At the same time, the companies lending the employees should sign a complete secondment arrangement, pay employees in full, and pay social security on time,” he said. “Employees should pay more attention to safety precautions and require a tripartite agreement or labor agreement to be signed during the temporary employment period and keep records as evidence.”
同時，借出企業要簽訂完善的借調協議、及時足額為員工繳納社保并支付工資，保障員工的合法權益；員工應更注重安全防護，借調期間應當要求簽訂三方協議或勞務協議，保留好工作記錄和證據。

【相關詞匯】

共享經濟 sharing economy

用工荒 workforce crunch

靈活就業 flexible employment

勞務派遣 labor dispatch

借調 secondment

參考來源：光明日報、新華網、Sixth Tone

（中國日報網英語點津 Helen）