自從ChatGPT等生成式人工智能技術被廣泛應用后，人類崗位被人工智能取代的討論就不斷升溫。美國一項新研究分析稱，79%的美國女性勞動者從事的職業極易被自動化技術取代或淘汰，相比之下，只有58%的美國男性勞動者面臨這樣的風險。

Recent research shows that although outnumbered by men in the US workforce, women could be disproportionately affected by businesses’ adoption of generative AI: One recent analysis estimates that 79% of working women (nearly 59 million) are in occupations susceptible to disruption and automation. That’s compared to 58% of working men, according to research from the University of North Carolina’s Kenan-Flagler Business School.

最近的研究顯示，盡管美國女性勞動人口數量沒有男性那么多，但是企業應用生成式人工智能技術對女性的影響可能要大得多：美國北卡羅來納大學凱南-弗拉格勒商學院的新研究分析稱，79%的美國女性勞動者（近5900萬人）從事的職業極易受到干擾或被取代或淘汰；相比之下，只有58%的美國男性勞動者面臨這樣的風險。

A higher percentage of working women are employed in white-collar jobs, whereas for men it’s more of a 50-50 split between white- and blue-collar occupations, said Mark McNeilly, professor of the practice of marketing at the Kenan-Flagler school and lead author of the AI research.

這項人工智能研究的首席作者、凱南-弗拉格勒商學院營銷實踐學教授馬克·麥克內利表示，從事白領工作的職業女性比例更高，而從事白領和藍領工作的男性比例各占一半。

Revelio Labs, which specializes in the collection and analysis of publicly available workforce data, recently identified the most AI-exposed occupations and the gender and ethnicity distributions among them. Revelio’s analysis showed that the AI-exposed positions with the highest percentage of women included bill and account collectors (82.9%), payroll and timekeeping clerks (79.7%), executive secretaries (74.3%), word processors and typists (65.4%) and bookkeeping, accounting and auditing clerks (65%).

專門收集和分析公開的勞動力數據的Revelio實驗室近日查出了受人工智能威脅最大的職業以及這些職業的性別和種族分布情況。Revelio的分析顯示，可能被人工智能取代且女性占比最高的職業包括催債員（82.9%）、薪酬考勤記錄員（79.7%）、執行秘書（74.3%）、文字處理員和打字員（65.4%）以及簿記、會計和審計文員（65%）。

In the most AI-exposed occupations, women make up 71% of employees, said Ben Zweig, Revelio’s chief executive officer.

Revelio的首席執行官本·茨威格指出，在受人工智能威脅最大的職業中，女性員工占了71%。

Generative artificial intelligence technologies like ChatGPT have the potential to transform the labor market, exposing the majority of the nation’s jobs to automation, Goldman Sachs economists have projected. The technology can create new content — such as text, images, audio, video, and code — from training data that includes examples of that desired output.

高盛集團的經濟學家預測，ChatGPT等生成式人工智能技術可能會改變勞動力市場，讓大多數職位面臨自動化風險。這一技術可以用包括范例在內的訓練數據生成新內容，比如文本、圖像、音頻、視頻和代碼。

Generative AI might not have the capacity now to turn a patient over or insert an IV, but it could prove helpful in poring through billions of pieces of imaging data to diagnose a condition.

生成式人工智能技術現在也許還不能給病人翻身或打針，但是實踐已證明它能夠讀取數十億張影像數據來診斷病情。

"The thing about AI is that it’s not perfect; it’s generating new content from existing content,” she said. “It still needs a human to create some existing content for it to pull from. And whatever it’s generating, it doesn’t mean it’s right — you still need someone to look at it and see if it makes sense.” said Dana Peterson, chief economist at the Conference Board.

世界大型企業聯合會的首席經濟學家德娜·彼得森稱：“人工智能的問題在于它不夠完美，它只能根據現有的內容來生成新內容。它仍然需要人類來創造供其參考的內容。而且無論它生成什么內容，都不意味著一定準確，仍然需要有人看一下是否合理。”

"Yes, it may destroy jobs in the short run, but it also creates new jobs and different opportunities. It helps people to become more productive in their existing jobs,” she said.

“沒錯，短期來看人工智能可能會淘汰一些職位，但是它也會帶來新職位和新機會。它會幫助人們提高當下的工作效率。”

英文來源：美國有線電視新聞網

翻譯&編輯：丹妮