2019年6月4日，在對俄羅斯聯邦進行國事訪問并出席第二十三屆圣彼得堡國際經濟論壇前夕，國家主席習近平接受俄羅斯塔斯社、《俄羅斯報》聯合采訪。全文如下：

問：您即將對俄羅斯進行國事訪問并出席第二十三屆圣彼得堡國際經濟論壇。今年是中俄建交70周年，您和普京總統多次強調，中俄關系處于歷史最好時期。您能否對當前中俄關系作一個綜合評價？
Q1. President Xi, you are going to pay a state visit to Russia and attend the 23rd St. Petersburg International Economic Forum. This year marks the 70th anniversary of China-Russia diplomatic relations. You and President Putin have often noted that the relationship is at its best in history. Could you give an overall assessment of the current state of our relations?

答：應普京總統邀請，我即將對俄羅斯進行國事訪問并出席第二十三屆圣彼得堡國際經濟論壇。6年前，我當選中華人民共和國主席后，選擇俄羅斯作為首次出訪的第一站，同普京總統一道掀開中俄關系新篇章。6年來，我7次到訪俄羅斯，每次都見證了兩國人民深厚情誼，收獲了雙方合作豐碩成果。今天，在中俄迎來建交70周年的歷史性時刻，我滿懷對兩國關系美好未來的期待，再次踏上俄羅斯廣袤美麗的土地。
Xi: At the invitation of President Vladimir Putin, I will soon pay a state visit to Russia and attend the 23rd St. Petersburg International Economic Forum. After I was elected President of the People's Republic of China six years ago, I chose Russia as the first stop of my first overseas trip. During that visit, President Putin and I jointly opened a new chapter of China-Russia relations. Over the past six years, I have paid seven visits to Russia. Every time I was there, I witnessed the deepening of friendship between our two peoples and the productive outcomes of our cooperation. As China and Russia greet the historic moment of the 70th anniversary of our diplomatic relations, I am glad to pay another visit to your vast and beautiful country with great expectations for a brighter future of our bilateral ties.

經過70年發展，中俄全面戰略協作伙伴關系處于歷史最好時期。兩國政治互信牢固，在涉及彼此核心利益和重大關切問題上相互堅定支持。雙方建立起完備的高層交往和各領域合作機制，開展了內容豐富、具有戰略意義的各領域、全方位合作。兩國人民在共同抗擊法西斯侵略的偉大歲月中結下深厚的戰斗情誼，歷久彌堅，中俄關系長遠發展擁有堅實民意支撐。雙方在國際事務中開展了密切有效的協調和配合，為紛繁復雜的國際形勢注入強大正能量。
Indeed, after seven decades of development, China-Russia comprehensive strategic partnership of coordination is now at its best in history. Our two countries enjoy strong political trust and can always count on each other's firm support on issues concerning our respective core interests and major concerns. Guided and underpinned by full-fledged mechanisms of high-level visits and broad-based cooperation, our two sides have conducted substantive, wide-ranging and all-dimensional cooperation of strategic significance. The long-term development of China-Russia relations is blessed by the strong support of our people, who forged a profound friendship as comrades-in-arms in our great, heroic fight against Fascist aggression. Our two sides have also enjoyed close and effective coordination and collaboration in international affairs, thus contributing tremendous positive energy to a complex and fast-changing world.

站在新的歷史起點上，中俄關系迎來新的發展機遇。面對兩國實現各自發展振興的共同需要，面對兩國人民追求世代友好的共同心聲，我們有信心、有能力在過去70年經驗成果基礎上，推動中俄關系進入更高水平、更大發展的新時代。
Today, China-Russia relations are standing at a new starting point and facing new opportunities for growth. Building on our two countries' shared aspirations for development and revitalization and responding to our two peoples' shared desire for lasting friendship, we have the confidence and capability to bring our relations to a new era of greater development at a higher level, based on our experience and achievements of the past 70 years.

我們要以鄰為伴，守望相助，相互給予彼此更加堅定有力的支持；我們要密切合作，深度融通，實現兩國發展戰略更加緊密的對接，發展利益更加深層次融合，民心民意更加親密交融；我們要開拓創新，與時俱進，不斷擴大完善雙方合作新領域，確保兩國關系始終具有前瞻性、開創性、發展動能；我們要勇于擔當，普惠共贏，在國際事務中發揮更大建設性作用，攜手促進世界和平穩定和發展繁榮，惠及世界人民。
Our two countries need to stick together as good neighbors and render each other even stronger support. We need to work closely to seek greater synergy between our development strategies, deeper convergence of our development interests, and closer people-to-people ties. We need to find new areas of cooperation with innovative efforts as called for by the times so that our bilateral relations will always be forward-looking, break new ground, and brim with vigor and vitality. We need to play a more constructive role in international affairs with a great sense of mission and a strong commitment to win-win results, thus jointly promoting peace, stability, development and prosperity for all people of the world.

我期待這次訪問俄羅斯期間，同普京總統一道規劃兩國關系未來發展，推動中俄全面戰略協作伙伴關系大踏步邁入新時代。
In my upcoming visit, I look forward to charting the course of our future relationship together with President Putin and to seeing that our comprehensive strategic partnership of coordination will stride into a new era.

問：中國是俄羅斯最大貿易伙伴，中俄雙邊貿易額今年有望達到什么水平？中俄經貿合作領域有哪些具體項目最具前景？中方將采取哪些舉措加強兩國地方層面的經貿聯系？您如何看待中俄經貿合作中存在的問題？
Q2. China is Russia's biggest trading partner. What is the expectation for the bilateral trade volume this year? What are the most promising projects in economic cooperation and trade? What measures will China take to strengthen sub-national economic ties? How do you view the problems in bilateral business cooperation?

答：經貿合作是中俄關系的重要組成部分，是兩國共同發展振興的重要保障。近年來，雙方經貿合作日益深化，成果豐碩，成為國與國互利共贏的典范。2018年，雙邊貿易額突破1000億美元，創歷史新高。在當前國際貿易和投資低迷、保護主義加劇的復雜形勢下，中俄經貿合作取得顯著成果更顯難能可貴。兩國政府部門正采取更加積極的措施，爭取將雙邊貿易額提升到更高水平，推動雙邊貿易高質量發展。
Xi: Economic cooperation and trade, as a key pillar of our relations, is crucial to the common development and revitalization of China and Russia. Such cooperation has been deepening in recent years, producing fruitful outcomes and setting a prime example of mutually beneficial economic engagement. Our bilateral trade reached a record US$100 billion in 2018. These notable results of our business cooperation are especially valuable given the current complex environment of sluggish global trade and investment and surging protectionism in the world. The government departments of our two countries are taking proactive efforts to bring our trade volume to a higher level and promote high-quality development of bilateral trade.

目前，中俄兩國能源、交通、農業、航空航天等領域重大合作項目正穩步實施，中俄原油管道及其復線順利運營，中俄東線天然氣管道即將建成供氣，黑河公路橋、同江鐵路橋成功合龍，遠程寬體客機、重型直升機聯合研制工作穩步推進，衛星導航系統合作成果顯著。可以說，在雙方共同努力下，中俄經貿合作已經步入發展的快車道，前景可期。
Our two countries are steadily implementing major cooperation projects in energy, transportation, agriculture, aviation, space and other fields. The crude oil pipeline and its parallel pipeline are operating smoothly. The eastern route of the natural gas pipeline is nearing completion. The Chinese and Russian sections of the Blagoveshchensk-Heihe Highway Bridge and the Nizhneleninskoye-Tongjiang Railway Bridge have been successfully joined. Steady progress is being made in our joint research and development (R&D) of long-range, wide-body passenger aircraft and heavy-lift helicopter. Cooperation on our satellite navigation systems is highly productive. These are concrete examples to show that, through our joint efforts, our economic cooperation has entered a phase of fast development and great promise.

在地方經貿合作層面，兩國地方充分借助2018至2019年中俄地方合作交流年契機，利用中國國際進口博覽會等經貿合作平臺和“東北-遠東”、“長江-伏爾加河”等地方合作平臺，積極密切交往，穩步推進經貿、投資等務實合作。雙方簽署遠東地區合作發展規劃(2018至2024)和東北-遠東及貝加爾地區農業發展規劃，在“長江-伏爾加河”平臺上不斷更新重點投資項目清單，為兩國地方結合各自產業發展優勢深化合作提供了有效平臺。
At the sub-national level, various regions in our two countries have seized the opportunity of the "2018-2019 year of sub-national cooperation and exchange" and harnessed various mechanisms for more frequent interactions and greater economic, trade and investment cooperation, which include the China International Import Expo and other business cooperation platforms, and the Northeast China-Russian Far East and the Yangtze River-Volga River cooperation mechanisms. The two sides have signed a Plan on Cooperation and Development in the Russian Far East Region (2018-2024) and a Development Plan for Agriculture in Northeast China and the Russian Far East and Baikal Regions. Constant updates are being made to the list of key investment projects under the Yangtze River-Volga River mechanism. All these are effective platforms for the two sides to leverage our comparative industrial strengths and deepen sub-national cooperation.

當然，中俄經貿合作中還存在一些具體問題。我想強調，這些問題是伴隨兩國合作不斷推進、相互融合日益深入而產生的。有效解決問題的途徑就是創新思路，多措并舉，不斷拓展合作領域，深挖合作潛力，擴大相互投資、市場準入，提升貿易和投資便利化水平，大力推動農產品貿易、電子商務、服務貿易等領域合作發展，做大雙方共同利益“蛋糕”，促進中俄經貿合作提質增量，邁上更高臺階。
Of course, our bilateral business ties are not free from specific issues. But it is worth pointing out that they are the natural result of our deepening cooperation and growing shared interests. The most effective way to address them is to take an innovative and multi-pronged approach to expand cooperation areas and unlock the full potential of our practical cooperation, such as scaling up mutual investment, widening market access, facilitating trade and investment activities, and boosting cooperation in agricultural trade, e-commerce and trade in services. By enlarging common interests, we can upgrade our business cooperation so that it will improve in both quality and quantity.

問：您如何看待中國經濟發展前景？
Q3. Could you share some insights on China's economic outlook?

答：新中國成立70年來，特別是改革開放40年來，中國經濟發展取得舉世矚目的成就，中國成為世界第二大經濟體以及制造業、貨物貿易、外匯儲備第一大國。2018年，中國經濟總量跨過90萬億元人民幣大關，人均國內生產總值接近1萬美元，經濟增速6.6%，位居世界前列，對世界經濟增長貢獻率約30%。
Xi: The Chinese economy has achieved tremendous growth since the founding of New China 70 years ago, and especially since the start of reform and opening-up 40 years ago. China is now the world's second largest economy, the largest manufacturer, the largest trader in goods, and holder of the largest foreign exchange reserves. In 2018, the Chinese economy passed the RMB90 trillion yuan mark and per capita GDP was close to US$10,000. Our 6.6 percent economic growth rate, one of the highest in the world, meant that China accounted for around 30 percent of global growth last year.

今年以來，面對世界經濟增長和國際貿易有所放緩的大環境，中國經濟開局良好，主要經濟指標保持在合理區間。一季度國內生產總值增長6.4%，連續14個季度經濟增速保持在6.4%至6.8%區間，延續近年來平穩增長態勢，國內消費繼續發揮對經濟增長的主引擎作用；就業持續增加，前4個月城鎮新增就業459萬人，居民收入增長略快于經濟增長；物價水平保持總體穩定，居民消費價格溫和上漲2%；進出口總額同比增長4.3%，外匯儲備保持在3萬億美元以上。同時，中國的經濟結構在優化，發展方式在轉變，質量效益在提升，穩中向好態勢更趨明顯。
In spite of a slowdown in global growth and trade, the Chinese economy has had a strong start this year with key economic indicators kept in a proper range. In the first quarter, our GDP grew by 6.4 percent, sustaining its momentum of steady growth in recent years and representing the 14th consecutive quarter of staying in the 6.4 percent to 6.8 percent range. Domestic consumption remained the main driver of growth. Employment continued to expand, with 4.59 million urban jobs added in the first four months of 2019. Personal income grew faster than the economy. Prices were generally stable, with consumer prices posting a modest growth of 2 percent. Total imports and exports were up by 4.3 percent year-on-year, and China's foreign exchange reserves stayed above US$3 trillion. Apart from all this, we were able to improve the economic structure, transform the model of development and enhance the quality and efficiency of economic performance, thus strengthening the momentum of steady and robust growth.

穩中向好、長期向好是中國經濟沒有改變也不會改變的大趨勢。展望未來，中國經濟平穩健康可持續發展具備充足支撐條件。一是資源潛力，中國有近14億人口、9億勞動力、1.7億受過高等教育和擁有技能的人才資源、全球最大的中等收入群體、1億多個市場主體；二是內生動力，中國經濟增長主要靠內需拉動，2018年內需對經濟增長貢獻率達108.6%，其中最終消費貢獻率達76.2%；三是發展活力，中國研發投入全球排名第二，約占經濟總量2.18%，以戰略性新興產業、分享經濟等為代表的新動能不斷壯大；四是調控能力，有中國共產黨的堅強領導，有集中力量辦大事的政治優勢，有萬眾一心、眾志成城的民族精神，有改革開放以來持續高速發展積累的雄厚物質技術基礎，有巨大發展韌性、潛力、回旋余地，有豐富的宏觀調控經驗和充足的政策空間，我們完全有條件、有能力、有信心應對各種風險挑戰。
The trajectory of our economy toward more steady growth has not changed and will remain so in the long run. Looking ahead, a number of factors will support the steady, healthy and sustainable growth of the economy. These include: First, China's large pool of human resources. China has a population of nearly 1.4 billion, a 900-million-strong workforce, a talent pool of 170 million college graduates and people with professional skills, the world's largest middle-income population, and more than 100 million market entities. Second, China's strong internal driving forces. The Chinese economy is mainly driven by domestic consumption. In 2018, domestic consumption contributed 108.6 percent of economic growth; in particular, the contribution of final consumption was as high as 76.2 percent. Third, China's growing economic dynamism. China's R&D spending ranks second in the world, accounting for around 2.18 percent of its GDP. Emerging strategic industries, the sharing economy and other new economic forces are seeing continuous expansion. Fourth, China's mobilization capability. We have in China the strong leadership of the Communist Party of China, the political advantage that comes from being able to mobilize resources for major undertakings, the spirit of a nation united as one, the solid material and technological foundation built through decades of rapid development in the era of reform and opening-up, the enormous resilience, potential and flexibility in development, and the rich experience in macro-regulation as well as ample policy space. We therefore have all the necessary conditions as well as the capability and confidence to deal with any risks and challenges.

問：今年4月您成功主持召開了第二屆“一帶一路”國際合作高峰論壇。您如何看待歐亞經濟聯盟同共建“一帶一路”倡議對接的前景？如何評價北極航道的發展潛力和對實現共建“一帶一路”倡議的重要意義？中方將如何參與發展北極航道基礎設施建設？
Q4. President Xi, you successfully hosted the second Belt and Road Forum for International Cooperation (BRF) in April. How do you see the future of connecting the Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU) and the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI)? What is your take on the potential of the Arctic shipping routes and its significance for advancing Belt and Road cooperation? In what way will China participate in infrastructure development for the Arctic shipping routes?

答：中方提出共建“一帶一路”倡議，目的是聚焦互聯互通，深化務實合作，攜手應對人類面臨的各種風險挑戰，實現互利共贏、共同發展。今年4月，第二屆“一帶一路”國際合作高峰論壇在北京成功召開，各方就相關議題進行深入探討，完善了合作理念，明確了合作重點，強化了合作機制，就高質量共建“一帶一路”達成廣泛共識。應我邀請，普京總統連續兩屆來華出席“一帶一路”國際合作高峰論壇，中方對此高度評價。
Xi: The BRI put forth by China aims to deepen practical cooperation focusing on connectivity, jointly address risks and challenges facing humanity, and bring about mutual benefit and common development. The second BRF held in Beijing last April was a great success. The participants had in-depth discussions on relevant topics and reached broad-based consensus on promoting high-quality Belt and Road cooperation supported by refined principles, clearer priorities and stronger mechanisms. We are highly appreciative that President Putin has attended both of the two BRFs held in 2017 and this year at my invitation.

共建“一帶一路”和歐亞經濟聯盟都致力于實現各自國家和地區發展振興，致力于促進區域開放包容合作。雙方在諸多合作領域擁有廣泛共同利益。2015年5月，我和普京總統共同簽署《關于絲綢之路經濟帶建設和歐亞經濟聯盟建設對接合作的聯合聲明》，開啟對接合作之路。去年，中國同歐亞經濟聯盟簽署經貿合作協定，這是雙方對接合作邁出的重要一步，也是對接合作的重要早期收獲，為深化雙方經貿合作提供了制度性保障。下一步，我們愿同俄方一道，深化對接合作，相互支持，相互促進，積極推動《歐亞經濟伙伴關系協定》談判，不斷提升區域貿易和投資便利化水平，為兩國發展振興和本地區繁榮穩定作出更大貢獻。
The BRI and the EAEU are both committed to facilitating the development and rejuvenation of the participating countries and regions and to promoting open and inclusive cooperation in our region. China and Russia have shared interests in many areas of cooperation. In May 2015, President Putin and I signed a Joint Statement on Cooperation on Joint Silk Road Economic Belt and Eurasian Economic Union Projects, kicking off the process to connect the two initiatives. Last year, China signed an agreement on economic and trade cooperation with the EAEU. It was a significant first step and an important "early harvest" in connecting the two initiatives that provides the institutional underpinning for stronger economic cooperation and trade between the two sides. China will work with Russia to foster stronger synergy between the two initiatives in the spirit of mutual support, advance negotiations on an Eurasian economic partnership agreement, enhance facilitation of regional trade and investment, and make a still greater contribution to the development and rejuvenation of our two countries and the prosperity and stability of our region.

開發利用北極航道將為“一帶一路”建設同歐亞經濟聯盟對接合作提供新契機、增添新平臺、注入新動力，有利于加強中俄兩國同相關各方互聯互通和互利共贏。安全和環保對北極通航至關重要。中方鼓勵有關中國企業積極參與，為航道商業化運作和當地經濟社會發展作出實實在在的貢獻。同時，相關工作應該確保綠色環保以及開發利用的可持續性，做到互利雙贏、互利多贏，既有利于促進中俄合作，也有利于促進世界經濟增長。
Development and use of the Arctic shipping routes will provide new opportunities, a new platform and new impetus for synergizing the BRI and the EAEU. It is also conducive to better connectivity and mutually beneficial cooperation among China, Russia and other relevant parties. Security and environmental protection are crucial in developing these routes. We encourage Chinese companies to take an active part and make practical contributions to the commercial operation of the Arctic shipping routes and local economic and social development. At the same time, environmental standards must be met and sustainability ensured in the development and use of the Arctic shipping routes. We hope there will be win-win results for all involved - a plus for both China-Russia cooperation and world economic growth.

問：您如何評價中俄在金磚國家和上海合作組織框架內的合作，以及金磚國家和上海合作組織的發展前景？
Q5. How do you see China-Russia cooperation within the frameworks of BRICS and the Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO), and the development prospects of the two?

答：10多年來，金磚國家秉持開放包容、合作共贏的金磚精神，不斷深化經貿財金、政治安全、人文交流合作，成為國際事務中一支積極、穩定、建設性的重要力量。事實證明，金磚國家代表世界發展的正確方向，合作之路越走越寬，未來充滿希望。
Xi: Over the last 10-plus years, BRICS countries have followed the BRICS spirit of openness, inclusiveness and win-win cooperation, deepened exchanges and cooperation in economic and financial, political and security, and cultural and people-to-people fields, making BRICS an important force that plays an active, stabilizing and constructive role in international affairs. It has been proven that BRICS represents the right direction of global development, as evidenced by its ever-widening cooperation and promising future.

俄羅斯是金磚國家領導人會晤的發源地。2009年，金磚國家領導人在葉卡捷琳堡舉行首次會晤，開啟金磚合作的歷史篇章。2015年，金磚國家領導人烏法會晤通過《金磚國家經濟伙伴戰略》，成為五國經濟合作的一個里程碑。
Russia is the birthplace of the BRICS Summit. It was in Yekaterinburg that BRICS leaders held their first meeting in 2009, opening a historic chapter in BRICS cooperation. The adoption of the BRICS Economic Partnership Strategy at the 2015 Ufa Summit was another milestone in BRICS economic cooperation.

我們身處不同的大陸，但發展經濟、讓人民過上更好生活的共同追求，以及在國際和地區事務中發揮更大作用的共同愿望使我們走到一起。
Coming from different continents, BRICS countries are brought together by a shared aspiration to grow our economies, deliver better lives for our peoples, and play a bigger role in regional and international affairs.

當今世界面臨百年未有之大變局，金磚國家的發展既有機遇，也有挑戰。五國應該更加緊密地團結在一起，平等相待、互幫互助，深化金磚戰略伙伴關系，維護新興市場國家和發展中國家共同利益和發展空間，謀求共同發展進步。今年11月，金磚國家領導人將在巴西利亞舉行會晤。我希望并相信，五國將共同推動巴西利亞會晤取得豐碩成果，朝著實現第二個“金色十年”愿景邁出新的堅定步伐。
The world today is undergoing major changes rarely seen in a century. This means both opportunities and challenges for the development of BRICS countries. Such a backdrop makes it all the more important for our five countries to stay united in the spirit of equality and mutual assistance, and deepen the BRICS strategic partnership to defend the common interests and development space of emerging markets and developing countries and achieve development and progress for all. We BRICS leaders will meet again in Brasilia in November. I hope and believe that our five countries will work together for a fruitful Summit, and take further, solid steps toward our vision of the second Golden Decade.

中俄兩國是全面戰略協作伙伴，同為金磚國家重要成員。雙方一直在金磚國家框架內保持密切溝通和協調。俄方明年將擔任金磚主席國，中方期待同俄方加強協作，在每任主席國接續努力中，推動金磚國家合作不斷取得新的更大成果，更好造福五國人民，也為世界和平與發展作出更大貢獻。
China and Russia are comprehensive strategic partners of coordination, and important members of BRICS. Our two countries have had close communication and coordination within the BRICS framework. As Russia will take over the BRICS chairmanship next year, China looks forward to strengthening coordination with Russia to make sure that with the sustained efforts of successive chairmanships, BRICS cooperation will yield still greater results to deliver more benefits to the people of our five countries and contribute more to world peace and development.

上海合作組織是中俄雙方共同致力于建設新型國際關系的成功實踐和有益平臺。上海合作組織成立18年來，中俄兩國密切協調和配合，共同推動組織不斷發展壯大，為地區和平穩定和發展繁榮作出了重要貢獻。我認為，兩國在上海合作組織框架內的合作主要有以下特點：
The SCO is a successful example of the commitment of both China and Russia to forging a new type of international relations and a good platform for such efforts. In the 18 years since the SCO's inception, China and Russia have maintained close coordination and collaboration. As a result, the Organization has kept growing and made important contribution to peace, stability, development and prosperity in our region. As I see it, China-Russia cooperation in the SCO has the following features:

一是始終著眼弘揚“上海精神”。互信、互利、平等、協商、尊重多樣文明、謀求共同發展的“上海精神”是上海合作組織的核心理念。中俄雙方攜手其他成員國，堅決摒棄文明沖突、冷戰思維、零和博弈等陳舊觀念，構建起不結盟、不對抗、不針對第三方的建設性伙伴關系，樹立了相互尊重、公平正義、合作共贏的新型國際關系典范。
First, we have stayed committed to the Shanghai Spirit. The Shanghai Spirit of mutual trust, mutual benefit, equality, consultation, respect for diversity of civilizations, and pursuit of common development is the underlying philosophy of the SCO. China and Russia, together with other SCO member states, have firmly rejected such anachronistic ideas as clash of civilizations, Cold War mentality, and zero-sum game. Instead, we have forged a constructive partnership featuring non-alliance, non-confrontation and not targeting any third party, and set up a paradigm of a new type of international relations featuring mutual respect, fairness and justice, and win-win cooperation.

二是始終著眼促進成員國安全和發展利益。謀穩定、促發展是地區國家的共同期待。中俄雙方攜手其他成員國，全面深化政治、安全、經濟、人文等領域合作，妥善應對新的安全威脅和挑戰，加強共建“一帶一路”同歐亞經濟聯盟等地區合作倡議和各國發展戰略對接合作，推動地區融合發展，為實現地區長治久安和各國發展繁榮發揮了不可替代的作用。
Second, we have stayed committed to advancing the security and development interests of SCO member states. Stability and development are the common pursuit of countries in our region. China and Russia have worked with other member states to deepen all-round cooperation in political, security, economic and cultural fields, make effective responses to new security threats and challenges, and seek greater complementarity between the BRI, the EAEU and other regional cooperation initiatives, and the development strategies of individual countries in pursuit of integrated development of our region. All these efforts have made the SCO irreplaceable for the lasting peace and stability of the whole region and the development and prosperity of individual countries.

三是始終著眼提升上海合作組織國際影響。上海合作組織是歐亞地區重要的建設性力量。中俄雙方攜手其他成員國，廣泛參與國際和地區事務，維護國際公平正義，支持建設開放型世界經濟，推動國際秩序朝著更加公正合理的方向發展。
Third, we have stayed committed to raising the global profile of the SCO. Our Organization is an important and constructive force in Eurasia. China and Russia, together with other member states, have engaged extensively in regional and international affairs, upheld international fairness and justice, supported the building of an open world economy, and promoted a fairer and more equitable international order.

上海合作組織順應和平、發展、合作、共贏的時代潮流，具有強大生命力和廣闊發展前景。去年青島峰會上，各方共同描繪了上海合作組織進入歷史新階段的發展藍圖。今年比什凱克峰會是上海合作組織發展的新起點。中方愿同俄方等成員國一道努力，深化團結互信和各領域合作，推動上海合作組織得到更大發展，為國際形勢注入更多穩定性和正能量，為構建人類命運共同體作出“上合貢獻”。
The SCO, responsive to the call of our times for peace, development, cooperation and mutual benefit, enjoys strong vitality and a bright prospect. At last year's Qingdao Summit, we together drew up a blueprint for a new phase in the SCO development. The upcoming Bishkek Summit will therefore become a new starting point in the development of the Organization. China will work with Russia and other member states to enhance unity, mutual trust and cooperation in various areas so that our Organization will keep developing to add more stability and positive energy to the world and make unique contribution to the building of a community with a shared future for mankind.

問：您如何評價您同普京總統的個人友誼？
Q6. How would you describe your personal friendship with President Putin?

答：2013年以來，我和普京總統在雙邊和多邊場合會晤近30次，多次通電話和互致信函。我經常愉快地回憶起我同普京總統的每一次交往。我們就最廣泛的議題深入交流，既包括國際形勢、雙邊關系、治國理政等重大問題，也涉及文學、藝術、運動等輕松愉快的話題。我們共同乘坐高鐵交流，一同觀看中俄青少年冰球友誼賽，在巴厘島慶祝生日，在對方國家重要節日時通電話或致信函相互祝賀，我們還都被對方國家授予最高國家榮譽勛章……普京總統是我交往最密切的外國同事，是我最好的知心朋友，我十分珍視同普京總統這份深厚的情誼。
Xi: Since 2013, President Putin and I have met nearly 30 times on bilateral and multilateral occasions, and talked on the phone and written to each other many times. I keep fond memories of each interaction I had with President Putin. We have had in-depth and most wide-ranging exchanges on both major issues like the international situation, bilateral ties and governance, and more light-hearted topics like literature, art and sports. We have taken a high-speed train ride together, watched an ice hockey friendly between Chinese and Russian youth teams, celebrated his birthday in Bali, exchanged phone calls and congratulatory messages on each other's important festivals, and been awarded medals of the highest honor by each other's countries. I have had closer interactions with President Putin than with any other foreign colleagues. He is my best and bosom friend. I cherish dearly our deep friendship.

我和普京總統的相處，建立在高度互信基礎上，這是我們真摯友誼的堅實基礎。我們相互尊重、坦誠相待，彼此理解、相互信任。我們對當前世界大勢看法相近，在治理國家方面理念相通，肩負兩國各自發展振興的歷史責任。最重要的是，我們對中俄關系的戰略意義有高度一致的認識，對推動兩國關系持續深入發展懷有共同的決心和愿望。我愿同普京總統保持密切交往，共同引領兩國關系邁向更高水平，為中國和俄羅斯這兩個偉大國家發展繁榮，為兩國人民幸福安寧不懈努力。
My engagement with President Putin is built on a high degree of mutual trust. That is the solid foundation of our close friendship. We treat each other with respect, candor, understanding and trust. We share similar views on the international landscape and approaches to national governance, and we both shoulder historical responsibilities for national development and rejuvenation. Most importantly, we share a high degree of consensus on the strategic significance of the China-Russia relationship and therefore the same resolve and desire to deepen and sustain its growth. I look forward to continued close interactions with President Putin. Together, we will take our bilateral ties to new heights and work tirelessly for the development and prosperity of our two great nations and for the happy lives of our peoples.

問：敘利亞局勢正趨于穩定。敘利亞政府多次聲明愿同有關各方開展合作，盡快重建戰爭期間受損的基礎設施。中方是否有意參與敘利亞重建？近來，委內瑞拉局勢持續激化。中方如何評價委內瑞拉局勢？美國和伊朗政治對抗持續加劇，波斯灣局勢愈演愈烈，中方對解決伊朗核問題的前景如何看待？
Q7. The situation in Syria is stabilizing. The Syrian government has repeated on many occasions that it is ready to work with all relevant parties and restore its war-ravaged infrastructure as soon as possible. Does China intend to take part in Syria's reconstruction? In Venezuela, the situation has flared up lately. What is China's assessment? In addition, the deepening political confrontation between the US and Iran is leading to rising tensions in the Persian Gulf. How does China see the prospects for resolving the Iranian nuclear issue?

答：敘利亞是歷史悠久的文明古國，也是中東地區重要國家。近年來，敘利亞局勢持續動蕩，基礎設施遭到嚴重破壞，人民遭受了深重苦難，我們對此深感痛心。當前，敘利亞局勢逐漸好轉，政治解決進程向前推進，敘利亞政府和人民也在著手重建家園。中敘兩國人民傳統友好，中方愿在力所能及的范圍內參與敘利亞重建，努力幫助敘利亞人民早日恢復正常生產生活。
Xi: Syria is a time-honored civilization and an important country in the Middle East. It is heart-wrenching for us to see Syria caught in protracted turbulence that has wreaked havoc on its infrastructure and inflicted untold sufferings to its people. Fortunately, the situation there is improving, as the process of political settlement is making progress and the Syrian government and people are starting to rebuild their nation. The Chinese and Syrian people have long enjoyed a traditional friendship. As such, China stands ready to take part in Syria's reconstruction to the best of its capacity and help the Syrian people regain their normal life and work at an early day.

在委內瑞拉問題上，中方的立場是一貫和明確的。我們始終從維護聯合國憲章和國際關系基本準則出發，堅持有關問題應該由委內瑞拉朝野在憲法框架內通過包容性政治對話自主協商解決，反對外部干涉和單邊制裁，反對使用武力或以武力相威脅。中方愿同國際社會一道，在委內瑞拉問題上發揮積極建設性作用，多作勸和促談努力，共同維護國際公平正義，維護聯合國憲章宗旨和原則，維護地區和平穩定，幫助委內瑞拉早日重回正常發展軌道。
On Venezuela, China's position is consistent and clear. Bearing in mind the importance of upholding the UN Charter and the basic norms governing international relations, China maintains that the issue should be left to the government and opposition of Venezuela to resolve through inclusive political dialogue and independent consultation within the constitutional framework. China opposes external intervention, unilateral sanctions, and the use or threat of force. China will work with the rest of the international community to play a positive and constructive role on this issue, do more to facilitate talks for peace, and uphold international equity and justice, the purposes and principles of the UN Charter, and regional peace and stability to help Venezuela return to the track of normal development as soon as possible.

近期，由于美國對伊朗進行“極限施壓”和單邊制裁，伊朗核問題乃至整個中東局勢持續緊張升級，形勢發展令人擔憂。伊朗核問題全面協議是多邊主義的結晶，對國際核不擴散體系及中東地區和平穩定至關重要，應該得到尊重和完整、有效執行。中俄兩國在伊朗核問題上看法和立場高度一致，都希望有關各方保持理性和克制，加強對話協商，為當前緊張局勢降溫。中俄雙方將保持密切協作，推動相關形勢朝著好的方向發展，維護聯合國權威，維護國際和平和安全，維護國際社會共同利益。中方也會繼續堅定維護自身正當合法權益。
With the US imposing maximum pressure and unilateral sanctions on Iran in recent months, tensions have been escalating surrounding the Iranian nuclear issue, and for that matter, in the entire Middle East. Such developments are indeed a cause for concern. The Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA), as the embodiment of multilateralism, is crucial for the international nuclear non-proliferation regime and for peace and stability in the Middle East. It must be respected and implemented effectively in its entirety. China and Russia have highly aligned views and positions on the Iranian nuclear issue with both countries calling on all relevant parties to act with reason and restraint and increase dialogue and consultation to deescalate the tensions. China and Russia will stay in close coordination to push for positive developments while upholding the authority of the UN, peace and security in the world, and the common interests of the international community. Besides, China will continue to stand firm for its own legitimate rights and interests in this process.